Typewriting machine



Jan. 5 1926. I

' 1,568,725. C. M. CREWS TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Jan. 19, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jan. 5, 1926.

C. M. CREWS TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Jan. 19, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 W! "Ill! IIIIII IHIII II Illllll Patented Jan. 5, 1926.

UNITED STATES 1,558,725 PATENT OFFICE.

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TYPEWRITIN G CHIN E.

Application filed January 19, 1824. Serial No. 887,818.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CLARENCE M. Cnuws, a citizen of the United States, residing in Brooklyn Borou h, in the county of Kings, city and State 0 New. York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Typewriting Machines, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to typewriting machines, and particularly to carbon controlling and supplying mechanism thereof. Certain of its features are particularly useful in machines of the continuous billin type.

Machines of this type usuafiy include a carbon-carrier, a long rear carriage .exten- 'sion to support and guide the carbon-carrier for travel toward and from the platen, and a long rear frame extension to support and guide the carriage extension for travel with the carriage in letter-feed and reverse directions. The platen is displaceable to permit the work-webs and the carbons to be straightened beneath it, so that the carbons can be retracted relatively to the work-webs by thrusting the carbon-carrierto the rear.

The rear carriage and frame extensions a greatly increase the length and weight of the machine, making it difficult to move it about space in the oflice than the standard corre-.

' the carria e at a short distance in the office, or to packand ship; it. The machine requires -a large desk to suplport it when in use and occupies considerab y more spondence machine does. It cannot be sunk in the well of a typewriter desk.

In accordance with one feature of the present invention, provision is made, in a continuous billing machine, of carbon supplying and controlling mechanism of such, a character that the long carriage extension and the long frame extension aremade unnecessary whereby the continuous billing machine'is reduced in size to substantial y the size of the correspondence machine, thus overcoming the objections mentioned above To this end, a set of carbon-bearing rolls may be mounted in brackets supported by ehind the platen. T ese rolls constitute the carbonsupplying means of the machine. not mounted for reciprocation toward and from the platen as is usual but are arranged to be rotated by a common handle to win .up the carbons, and thereby to retract the carbons relatively to the work-web when the it to the rear against the fixed.

They are platen is displaced. The handle is connected through a suitable train of multiplying gearing to drive all'ofithe rolls at the same rate,

so that the carbons will be wound onto all of the rolls at the same rate. The. multiplying effect of the gears is such that the carbons can be retractedthe length of the longest form by a movement of the handle through an acuteangle. ,As the typing of a form roceeds the carbons are drawn off of all of'the rolls in unison and the handle is diawn forward by the rolls. At the completion of a form the platen is displaced as usual, the work-webs are drawn forward v to a leading-edge gage, 'and the handle is P moved to the rear against a fixed etc to retract the leading edges of the car one below the knife, whereby the work-webs are severed.

Each of the rolls includes a 'lar e reserve supply of carbon in addition .to t e stretch in active use, and provision is made to bring fresh stretches of this carbon into.

connects the handle from the gearing, moves e and there 'reconnects it to the gearing. e then out stretch, as he would ordinarily do, dis.-

tears off the worn-out stretch of carbon l with the completed forms. At the writing of the next. form, the handle traverses its usual range, but a fresh stretch of carbon is effective, due to the fact'that the carbons were not retracted at thelast retraction of the handle.

Other features and advantageswill'hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings, t Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of a portion of a continuous billing machine, em-- bodying the improvements of, the resent invention. The parts are shown in t p is figme in the positions occupied whenthe typing has" progressed a considerable distance down the leading form on the web.

Figure 2 is a sectional side elevation, partly broken away, showing the carbon-retract whereby it is ing handle and the gearing connected to the carbon-rolls.

Figure 3 is a sectional detail view, showing a portion of the gearing in the train common to all of the carbon-rolls.

Figure 4 is a sectional detail view, showing gearing of the form used for driving the lower rolls.

Figure 5 is a sectional detail view, showing gearing of the form used for driving the upper rolls.

Figure 6 is a sectional side elevation similar to Figure 1, but showing the platen displaced and the carbons retracted.

Figure 7 is a sectional front elevation, partly broken away, showing the carbonsupplying mechanism of the machine.

The continuous billing machine, which, in many features is like the one disclosed in the patent to Wernery & Smith, No. 1,132,055, granted March 16, 1915, includes a cylindrical platen 10 against the front face of which types (not shown) swing upwardly and rearwardly to print. The platen 10 is ournaled by means of its axle 11 in a platen-displacing swing-frame 12 pivoted at 13 on a traveling carriage 14 of the machine. The carriage 14 is mounted for travel in letter feed and return directions along a front rail (not shown) and a rear rail 15, said rails forming part of the machine-frame 16. As is customary in machines of this class,

the platen-displacing frame 12 is swung up-' ward at the conclusion of the typing of a form to permit the drawing forward of the work-webs 17 to a leading-edge gage 18 and the retraction of the carbons (see Figure 6). The platen 10 is then lowered to normal position, and the completed form-section is torn off against a knife 20. All of these features are utilized in the present machine.

In accordance with the present invention, however, provision is made of novel carbon holding and controlling means. Rearwardly-extending horizontal brackets 21 are mounted upon a transverse bar 22 of the carriage 14 near the opposite ends thereof. At their rear ends the brackets 21 support vertical bearing brackets 23 and 24, being connected to said bearing brackets 23 and 24 by means of horizontal flanges 25 at the lower ends thereof. These brackets; 23 and 24 form supports and bearings for several carbon-carrying rolls 26, for a common handle 27 that rotates'all of the rolls 26,and for gearing to effect a driving connection between the handle 27 and the rolls 26.-

Each of these carbon-rolls 26 comprises a hollow core 28 and a long web of carbonpaper 29 wound upon the core.

The handle 27 is fast upon a friction- 31, but which is held against movement longitudinally of the shaft between a collar 34 on the shaft and the shaft bearing 35 on the bracket 23. The clutch member 30 also carries a counterweight 36 for the handle 27. The clutch member 33 has a gear 37 fast thereto which meshes with and drives a pinion 38 fast upon a stub-shaft 39 journaled in the bearing bracket 23. This stub-shaft 39 also has fast upon it a gear 40 which meshes with pinions 41 on the two lower carbon-roll-supporting shafts 42. The arrangement of the gearing is such that the lower rolls 26 are rotated in a clockwise direction, as seen-in Figure 6, by a movement of the handle 27 to therear. Gears 43 fast on the shafts 42 mesh with gears 44 fast on shafts 45 of the upper carbon-rolls 26 and drive said upper rolls in a counterclockwise direction when the handle 27 is moved to the rear. Each of the roll shafts 42 and 45 mounted onthe left bearing bracket 23 has a cross pin 46 which interfits with a slot 47 in the left end of the hollow carbon-roll core 28 which it supports. Each carbonroll 26 is supported at its right end by a plunger shaft 48 mounted in the right hearing bracket 24'with capacity for rotation and for axial movement. Each of these plunger shafts 48 includes a conical projection 49 to fit snugly within one of the hollow cores 28, a flange 50 to engage the end of the core 28, a spring 51 normally urging the shaft toward the core, and a knurled finger-piece 52 whereby the plunger shaft may be drawn axially toward the right against the force of its spring 51 to permit the removal of the carbon-roll 26 supported by it from the machine when the carbon 29 of said roll is exhausted. The springs 51, besides urging the plunger shafts 48 to operative position, serve also to exert a moderate braking force upon the rolls 26 to prevent too free rotation thereof.

The carbon-paper 29 of the lower rolls 26 is arranged to be unwound from the top thereof, and the carbon-paper 29 of the upper rolls 26 is arranged to be unwound from the bottom thereof. The carbon-paper from the four rolls is thus caused to extend forward from the rolls 26 in closely adjacent parallel paths. The carbon of the lower rolls 26 is necessarily wound with its carbonface out according to this arrangement, and it is therefore important that the work-webs 17 be prevented from rubbing against these rolls, since such rubbing would result in smearing of the work-webs and would cause undesirable. friction. Several work-web guiding rods are accordingly provided, and these rods serve also as tie rods to materially strengthen and brace the bearing brackets 22, and 24 to form with said brackets a substantial frame.

All of the work-webs 17 are introduced of. the paper-shelf 57 and down around the platen 10. The second work-ply 58 is led from the rear rod 53over a rod '59 that guards it from contact with the lower front carbon-roll 26. The third ply 60 is led over the rear rod 53 and over a transverse rod .61 which guards it from the lower rear carbon-roll 26. The fourth ply 62 passes over the upper rear carbon-roll 26 and down beneath the upper front carbon-roll 26. The

' lines in Figure 2. As the t ping fifth ply 63 passes over all of the carbonrolls 26, and then down beneath'a transverse rod 64 supported by upright arms'65 on the rear end of the paper-shelf 57. This last transverse rod 64. is provided so that the fifth ply 63 will be caused to extend forward from the carbon-supplying means substantially parallel to the other work-plies when the platen 10 is displaeedfand the webs are drawn forward for gaging.

When-thev typing ofxa form begins the Work-webs 17 ma terminate flush with the edge of the kni e 20. The leading edges of the carbons 29 bear about the same relation to the knife 20 as in Figure '6, and the handle 27 is in 'a' position slightly in advance of that indlcate'd in dot-and-das'h proceeds, the carbons 29 are drawn rom a of the rolls 26, and these rolls, through the gearing described, causethe handle 27 to move for- -ment with a fixed stop ward, but through a' shorter distance than the line-feed advance of the carbons. At' thecompletion of a form, the platen 1 0 is displaced, the work-webs 17 are drawn forward to the leading-ed e gage 18, and the carbons 29 are retracted %y thrusting the handle 27 to the rear until it is arrested in the dot-anddash line position of Figure 2, by engage- 66 on the bearing bracket 23. The platen 10 is then lowered, the completed form is torn off, and the next formistyped. .T

As has been previously explained, each of the carbon-rolls 26 includes a stretch of. carbon in active use, and a large reserve supply. As illustrated, this reserve would amount to approximately fourteen feet of carbon-paper on each roll 26. When the active stretch of carbon at the leading ends. of the carbon-webs 29 are worn out fresh stretches may be brought into play. This is done, at the conclusion of the. writing of a form, by moving the handle 27 in the direction of the axis of its supporting shaft 31 against the force of the spring 32 to disenage [the clutch members 30 and 33 and by t en moving the handle to the rear nearly into engagement with the fixed stop 66. The i handle 27- is thus retracted while the carbons 29 remain stationary, so that the used-up stretches will be torn off with the typed form after the platen has again been lowered. At the writing of the next form, the handle 27 willtraverse its usual range, but a fresh stretch of carbon will be effective, and at the next retraction of the handle 27 to the stop 66, the leading edges of the carbons 29 will be drawn a short distance below the knife 20.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions ofthe improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

-1. In a continuous billing typewriting machine, the combination with a revoluble platen, of a. platen-displacing swing-frame movable to lift the platen to permit the work-webs and carbons to be straightened beneath it, a plurality of carbon-rolls adjacent the platen, arranged to yield up carbon to the platen as typing proceeds, and a q crank-driven train of multiplying gearing for rotating all of the carbon-rolls in unison when the platen is displaced to rewind the carbons and thereby withdraw the carbons relatively to the stationary work-webs.

.2. In a continuous billing typewriting ma' chine, the combination with a revoluble platen, of a platen-displacing swing-frame movable to lift the platen to permit the work-webs and carbons to be straightened beneath it, a plurality of carbon-rolls adacent the platen, arranged to yield up caron under tension to the'platen as ty ing proceeds, a train of crank-driven multiply- 1n gearing for rotating all ofthe carbonro 5: together when the platen is displaced to rewi'nd'the carbons and thereby uniformly shift the carbons relatively to the stationar work-webs, and a stop to arrest the rewin ing of the carbons at a fixed normal position regardless of the extent of carbon previously unwound. 1

3. In a typewriting machine, the combina-' platen therein, and a'knife for severing successive sections of continuous work-webs as they are typed,of a battery of carbon-rolls to supply carbons in interleaved relation with t e work-webs, each; carbon-roll ineluding an active stretch of carbon and a reserve supply, common operating means for rotating the rolls in unison to retract the carbons relatively to the work-webs,

comprising a handle, and a stop for are resting the handle in a predetermined position to locate the carbons with their leading edges a short distance below the knife, the common operating means for the carbonrolls also comprising a clutch; the arrangement being such that the handle may be disconnected from the carbon-rolls by releasing the clutch and may therefore be retracted into engagement with the stop while permitting the carbons to remain stationary when it is desired to bring fresh stretches of carbon from the reserve supplies into active use.

5. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a traveling carriage and a revoluble platen therein, of a battery of carbonrolls, each including an active stretch of carbon and a reserve supply, a train of crankdriven multiplying gearing for rotating the carbon-rolls to rewind the carbons to cause the active stretches to be drawn backward repeatedly until used up, means to sever the active stretches when used up, means operable to cause fresh stretches of the carbons to come into active use from the reserve supplies, and means enabling the driving crank to be readjusted relatively to the fresh carbon stretches.

6. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a traveling carriage and a revoluble platen therein, of a battery of carbonbearing rolls, said battery comprising a forward pair of superposed rolls and a rear pair of superposed rolls, the rolls of each pair being geared to each other, and a crankdriven train of multiplying gearing connected to one roll of each pair whereby all of the rolls may be rotated in unison at a single operation to retract the carbons to a fixed normal position, regardless of the amount drawn forwardly in typing.

CLARENCE M. CREWS. 

